Infusion of HB in mice treated with the MPTP neurotoxin confers partial protection against dopaminergic neurodegeneration possibly mediated by HB effects on complex II and by improvement of cellular respiration and ATP production (107)
Schwalfenberg GK. N-Acetylcysteine: A Review of Clinical Usefulness (an Old Drug with New Tricks). J Nutr Metab. 2021 Jun 9;2021:9949453. doi: 10.1155/2021/9949453. PMID: 34221501; PMCID: PMC8211525
Additionally, it has shown potential benefits for hair appearance, reducing hair loss, and even neuroprotective effects, such as mitigating amyloid plaque formation
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Mitochondrial phospholipid hydroperoxide glutathione peroxidase inhibits the release of cytochrome c from mitochondria by suppressing the peroxidation of cardiolipin in hypoglycaemia-induced apoptosis
In addition, alcohol is metabolized by alcohol dehydrogenase and cytochrome P450-2E1 (ADH and CYP2E1) enzymes found in the brain endothelial cells leading to the production of ROS, which is responsible for oxidative stress and production of neurodegenerative agents (2)